- Branża: Government; Health care
- Number of terms: 6957
- Number of blossaries: 0
- Company Profile:
The National Cancer Institute (NCI) is part of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), which is one of 11 agencies that compose the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). The NCI, established under the National Cancer Institute Act of 1937, is the Federal Government's principal agency for ...
A soy-derived isoflavone and phytoestrogen with antineoplastic activity. Genistein binds to and inhibits protein-tyrosine kinase, thereby disrupting signal transduction and inducing cell differentiation. This agent also inhibits topoisomerase-II, leading to DNA fragmentation and apoptosis, and induces G2/M cell cycle arrest. Genistein exhibits antioxidant, antiangiogenic, and immunosuppressive activities.
Industry:Pharmaceutical
A specific melanoma antigen protein derived from a patient (NA17) with cutaneous melanoma metastases. When administered in a vaccine formulation, NA17-A antigen may stimulate a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumors that express this antigen, which may result in a reduction in tumor size. The NA17-A antigen is part of the enzyme N-acetyl glucosaminyl-transferase V (GnT-V). Approximately half of melanomas have been found to express significant levels of this atypical protein, which is not expressed by normal tissues.
Industry:Pharmaceutical
A split-virus, inactivated influenza A (H1N1) vaccine containing H1N1 immunizing antigen combined with the adjuvant AS03, with potential immunostimulating activity. Upon intramuscular vaccination, AS03-adjuvanted H1N1 influenza vaccine may elicit an immune response against the H1N1 virus and the production of anti-H1N1 antibodies. AS03 is a stabilized oil-in-water emulsion adjuvant containing DL-alpha-tocopherol, squalene and polysorbate 80 that non-specifically stimulates cell-mediated immune antigen responses.
Industry:Pharmaceutical
A stabilized formulation of disodium glutathione disulfide (GSSG; oxidized glutathione) and cisplatin (1000:1) with potential chemoprotective and immunomodulating activities. Mimicking endogenous GSSG, glutathione disulfide NOV-002 acts as a competitive substrate for gamma-glutamyl-transpeptidase (GGT), which may result in the S-glutathionylation of proteins, predominantly actin, a redox stress on endoplasmic reticulum (ER), and ER stress-induced apoptosis; S-glutathionylation may be stimulated by reactive oxygen species (ROS) liberated by a glutathione disulfide NOV-002-induced increase in GGT activity. Glutathione disulfide NOV-002 may also induce phosphorylation of proteins such as ERK and p38, two kinases that play critical regulatory roles in cell proliferation and apoptosis. The cisplatin component of this agent does not provide an effective therapeutic concentration of cisplatin in vivo.
Industry:Pharmaceutical
A stable derivative of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) with potential hematopoietic activity. Administration of 16,16 dimethyl-prostaglandin E2 (dmPGE2) appears to lead to increased formation of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. Even though the exact mechanism of action has yet to be fully elucidated, this agent may stimulate hematopoiesis by activating the Wnt signaling pathway, which increases cellular levels of beta-catenin, a subunit of the cadherin protein complex.
Industry:Pharmaceutical
A stable transition state analogue for an aspartate transcarbamylase- cartalyzed reaction with antineoplastic activity. Sparfosic acid is a stable transition analogue of the activated complex for the reaction catalyzed by aspartate transcarbamylase, the first step in the pyrimidine biosynthetic pathway. This agent inhibits de novo pyrimidine biosynthesis and increases the extent to which fluorouracil metabolites are incorporated into RNA.
Industry:Pharmaceutical
A stable, non-radioactive isotopic form of water, containing 2 atoms of deuterium (D) and one atom of oxygen (2D2O), with DNA-labeling activity. Upon ingestion of deuterium oxide, 2H is incorporated into the deoxyribose moiety of DNA of newly divided cells. Rapidly dividing cells, as in the case of B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL), can be labeled with deuterium oxide and measured using gas chromatography and/or mass spectrometry.
Industry:Pharmaceutical
A standardized extract derived from the plant Boswellia serrata of the family Burseraceae with anti-inflammatory activity. Boswellia serrata extract contains terpenoid boswellic acids, which are potent inhibitors of 5-lipoxygenase activity and, so, leukotriene synthesis.
Industry:Pharmaceutical
A standardized freeze-dried preparation of desiccated table grapes containing polyphenols (including flavanols, anthocyanins, flavonols, and stilbenes such as resveratrol) and other unidentified compounds with antioxidant activity. Standardized freeze-dried table grape powder increases serum antioxidant activity and reduces the macrophage-mediated oxidation and uptake of low-density lipoprotein (LDL). This agent has been shown to inhibit genes linked to the development of sporadic colorectal cancer and may exhibit chemopreventive activity for other human cancers.
Industry:Pharmaceutical
A standardized ginkgo biloba extract with antioxidant and neuroprotective activities. EGb761 has been shown to inhibit the proliferation of certain tumor cells in vitro.
Industry:Pharmaceutical
