- Branża: Oil & gas
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Inside or inner diameter. Casing, tubing and drillpipe are commonly described in terms of inside diameter and outside diameter (OD).
Industry:Oil & gas
In the original location or position, such as a large outcrop that has not been disturbed by faults or landslides. Tests can be performed in situ in a reservoir to determine its pressure and temperature.
Industry:Oil & gas
In onshore operations, an earthen-bermed storage area for discarded drilling fluid. These small reservoirs are used for several reasons. First, when properly arranged, most of the solids in the mud settle out and a suction hose may be placed in the reserve pit to have additional fluid available to pump into the wellbore in an emergency. In addition, in arid areas, a considerable amount of evaporation occurs, thus minimizing mud disposal volumes. At the end of drilling operations, and perhaps at intermediate times during drilling, the fluids and solids in the reserve pit must be carefully discarded, usually by transfer to a properly certified landfill. If the mud is benign, the solids (mostly clay), and liquids (water), may be plowed and tilled back into the local soil. This technique of disposal and reclamation is known as land farming.
Industry:Oil & gas
In water analysis, the soluble components in a sample or the residue left after evaporation of a sample. Dissolved solids are reported as ppm or mg/L. Dissolved solids are included in retort solids and can be calculated from chemical analysis results by assuming that all dissolved solids are either NaCl or CaCl<sub>2</sub>, or a mixture of the two.
Industry:Oil & gas
In offshore operations, any barge, boat or ship that brings materials and personnel to and from the rigsite.
Industry:Oil & gas
In general, a measurement of fluid force per unit area (measured in units such as pounds per square in. ) subtracted from a higher measurement of fluid force per unit area. This comparison could be made between pressures outside and inside a pipe, a pressure vessel, before and after an obstruction in a flow path, or simply between two points along any fluid path, such as two points along the inside of a pipe or across a packer.
Industry:Oil & gas
In general, a funnel-shaped device used to transfer products. The hopper is often at the bottom of any container for holding or using bulk products, especially drilling fluid additives and cementing material.
Industry:Oil & gas
In fishing operations, a large-diameter pipe fitted with an internal grappling device and tungsten carbide cutting surfaces on the bottom. The washover pipe can be lowered over a fish in the wellbore and to latch onto and retrieve the fish. Since the washover pipe is relatively thin-walled and large in diameter, and may be prone to sticking itself, the washover operation is usually reserved as a measure of last resort before abandoning the fish altogether.
Industry:Oil & gas
In drilling fluid parlance, the absorption of a polymer film onto cuttings and wellbore walls to form a coat or barrier. The term is usually applied to shale encapsulation by long-chain, acrylamide-acrylate (PHPA) polymers. Negative sites on PHPA may bond to positive sites on the clays in shales, although it is not well-defined how (or how well) encapsulation works. A viscous polymer film, according to some test results, slows diffusion of water molecules into the shale and thus slows hydration and disintegration. This does not prevent wellbore problems but can delay their onset.
Industry:Oil & gas
In chemistry, referring to a compound in which electrons are not shared equally in the chemical bond, resulting in partial electrical charges. The best example is water, H<sub>2</sub>O, where the oxygen atom "pulls" the electrons more strongly than the hydrogen atoms and has a partial negative charge. The hydrogen atoms thus carry a partial positive charge. Polar compounds may ionize partially when dissolved in water.
Industry:Oil & gas
