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Sherlock Holmes
Fictional character created by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle for A Study in Scarlet in 1887 and became the prototype for the modern mastermind detective. The character generated the most enduring tradition in detective fiction worldwide.
Conan Doyle modeled the characteristics of his great detective on the methods and mannerisms of his former teacher in medical school, Dr. Joseph Bell of Edinburgh. A slim, nervously intense, hawk-nosed man, Holmes uses purely scientific reasoning to solve mysteries and can make the most startling deductions from trivial details and bits of physical evidence overlooked by others. He also smokes a pipe, wears a deer-stalker cap, plays the violin, and uses cocaine when bored. He lives at 221B Baker Street.
His partner and best friend, Dr. John H. Watson, is the genial but obtuse narrator of the Holmesian stories. Holmes's most formidable opponent is the criminal mastermind Professor Moriarty.
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